WEBVTT FILE

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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-In the beginning, there was
only darkness everywhere,

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darkness and water,

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and the darkness
gathered thick in places,

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crowding together until,
at last, from one of the places,

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there came forth a man.

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Now the man brought
from himself a rock,

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and he divided it
into little pieces.

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Of these, he made stars,

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and he put them in the sky
to light the darkness.

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Then, from himself,
he made two large...

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-The mother of water took pity
on the bird's wanderings

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and crooked her knees
to make a lap.

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The bird saw it and laid
six golden eggs

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in the nest she made.

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All were beautiful
in the making,

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half one eggshell
formed the Earth itself.

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Its upper half arched
the heavens over it.

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Its yolk made the golden Sun.

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Its white became the Moon.

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Its specklings were the stars.

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Its darker parts, the clouds.

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-At length, Uko heard
of Lindu's distress,

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and he resolved to help her.

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He ordered the winds to carry
his weeping daughter to the sky.

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They lifted her gently, and put
her down in the blue firmament.

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There, Lindu dwells.

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Her white bridal veil spreads
from one end of the sky

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to the other.

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Everyone who looks
at the Milky Way

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sees Lindu's white bridal robes.

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She has forgotten her sorrow.

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At midnight,
she waves her hair...

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-...but Kweku Tsin
was pulled to safety.

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The sky gods were so pleased
with Kweku Tsin,

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they made him the Sun,

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Anansi became the moon, and
the other captives became stars.

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Kweku Tsin supplied them all...

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-In the beginning, the Sun
and the Moon were man and wife.

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The Moon bore the Sun
many children,

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and they were called stars.

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-After a long journey, they came
to a round hole in the sky

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glowing like fire.

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This, the raven said,
was a star.

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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-The Cosmos:

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When ancient storytellers
created these tales,

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they were trying
to explain its mysteries.

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Though the mysteries
they pondered were great,

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what they could see
of the universe

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was comparatively small.

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With the unaided eye, man could
see only the Sun, the Moon,

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five of the nine planets,
comets, and some 5,000 stars.

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In the early 1600s, Galileo,

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armed with
an insatiable curiosity

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and a rudimentary telescope,

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opened the heavens wider

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to scientific examination
than ever before.

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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Today, some 400 years later,
we know the universe

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to be inconceivably immense,

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so large that we've had
to devise new numbers

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to describe it.

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And in man's unending quest
to understand the universe,

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our ancient folktales
have given way

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to modern scientific theories.

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These theories, too,
try to explain our universe,

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but where folktales
were accepted on the authority

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of the teller, scientific
theories must be proven.

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Astronomers and astrophysicists
use telescopes

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to observe the heavens in their
continuing search for proof,

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but earthbound telescopes,
from Galileo's simple instrument

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to our modern
mountaintop observatories,

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are all hampered by Earth's
turbulent atmosphere,

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so the best place for an
observatory is in the heavens,

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out among the stars themselves,

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and NASA's space shuttle
has given us

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the means to put one there.

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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With an unobstructed view
of the universe

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from its orbit some
350 miles above Earth.

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the Hubble Space Telescope

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will be the fulfillment
of the astronomer's dream.

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!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

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This Space Telescope will see
objects some 25 times fainter

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than can be seen using
the largest telescope on Earth

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and will distinguish details

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10 to 30 times more clearly

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than is possible
from the ground.

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The new observatory in space
will produce images

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of unprecedented clarity,

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images made possible not only

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because of the telescope's
vantage point in space

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but also because

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it is the finest
optical telescope ever built.

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The Space Telescope's mirrors

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are the most perfect
of their size ever made.

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Since the telescope is free of
Earth's distorting atmosphere,

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optical scientists
labored long and hard

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to create virtually perfect
mirrors for the new telescope,

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mirrors that will take advantage

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of the clear
conditions in space,

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mirrors that won't add
distortion where there is none.

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The mirrors, of course,
are just part of the picture.

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To make the most of the mirrors,

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the Space Telescope must
keep them precisely aligned

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and hold them absolutely
steady for hours at a time,

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so the mirrors are mounted
in a strong

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but lightweight framework
made out of graphite epoxy

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that will hold the
telescope's optics stable

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as it orbits the Earth
once every 96 minutes,

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moving from the blazing warmth
of our celestial furnace,

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the Sun, to the icy chill
of night in space.

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Still, stable optics are useless

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if the entire telescope
jitters in space.

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On Earth, we use the bedrock
of a mountaintop

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to steady a telescope,

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but what steadies
a telescope in zero gravity?

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The Space Telescope uses
a sophisticated system

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to locate a target
and hold steady on it

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even though the telescope
is continually moving

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as it orbits the Earth.

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Gyros provide a reference
so that the telescope

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always knows its orientation.

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Star trackers and fine-guidance
sensors lock onto guide stars

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and use them to point
the telescope at a target.

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With this system, the Space
Telescope can remain locked

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on a target for hours at a time.

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The entire system is
extremely precise,

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so precise that it's like
being able to hold steady

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on a dime suspended over
the Washington Monument

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from the top of New York's
World Trade Center.

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The light collected and focused

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by the telescope's
precise optical assembly

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is shared by several
scientific instruments.

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The instruments use advanced
light detectors and electronics

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to measure and record light

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or separate it
into its different

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components for analysis.

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-[Indistinct]
-All the instruments are mounted

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so that they can be
easily changed on orbit,

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either for a replacement
or a new instrument.

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-Straight back radial out
from the telescope.

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-All the telescope's
instruments and systems

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get their power from the Sun.

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Space Telescope project
engineer, Gene Oliver.

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-The Hubble Space Telescope

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is the most fantastic
telescope ever built.

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It's not just good.

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It's the best, and it took
the combined efforts

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of hundreds of scientists,

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engineers and other
professional people

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working as a team for many years
to make it the best.

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-Once free of the confines
of Earth,

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this precise
scientific instrument

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will give astronomers
a clear view deeper

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into space than
they've ever seen before.

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They'll actually be
seeing back in time.

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Space Telescope principal
investigator,

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Professor James Westphal.

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-It's because it takes time
for light to go

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from one place to the other.

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As an example, it takes
about 8 minutes

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for the light from the Sun
to get to the Earth,

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so we really are seeing the Sun
as it looked 8 minutes ago.

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If we look at Jupiter,
it took 30 minutes

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for that light to get here,

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so we are really seeing
Jupiter in the same way

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as it was 30 minutes ago,
not as it is really right now.

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Or the North Star, for instance,

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it takes about 50 years
for the light to get here,

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so who knows what's happened
to the North Star

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in the last 50 years.

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If we look at faraway galaxies,

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say a galaxy that takes
a million years

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for the light to get here,

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we're really seeing the galaxy
as it was a million years ago,

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and we even look at galaxies

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that are probably
a billion years away.

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We're time traveling back
in a sense to see those galaxies

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as they were
a billion years ago.

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To look further back in time,
we look deeper into space.

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-For example, looking
at this quasar

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is seeing back 10 billion years

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because its light takes
that long to reach Earth.

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Let's follow the quasar's light

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as it travels over
10 billion years.

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When the light first began
its intergalactic journey,

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our galaxy was nothing
but a swirling cloud

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of cosmic dust and gas.

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While the quasar's light
traveled for billions of years,

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this dust and gas coalesced

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to form the 100 billion
stars of the Milky Way,

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including our Sun
and its satellites.

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As the light now reaches
our Solar System,

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life on Earth has evolved enough

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for man to orbit a space
telescope above the atmosphere

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with sensitive instruments
that can detect the light.

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What we see is a snapshot
frozen in time,

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the image of the quasar as it
existed 10 billion years ago.

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-Quasar has continued to change.

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It's going away from us,

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probably,
and it's even, in fact,

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likely that it doesn't
even exist anymore now.

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-Clearly, a telescope is a time
machine using light

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to transport us into the past.

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Astronomers
using the Space Telescope

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will be modern-day explorers

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venturing out
in both space and time.

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Their quest is the same quest
that has occupied man

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throughout the ages --

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to understand the mysteries
of our origin,

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evolution, and ultimate fate.

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For modern astronomers,
this understanding will be found

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in the refinement and proof
of scientific theories,

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theories like the Big Bang.

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-In the beginning, our universe
arose from a compacted region

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of pure, exquisitely hot energy,

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billions of times smaller
than a single atom.

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In the merest instant,
an ultra hot explosion

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brought space and time,
matter, and energy into being.

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The Universe expanded
and cooled.

00:12:42.400.00:12:45.400
Primordial particles
could clump together,

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forming the first atoms.

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Over billions of years, these
building blocks of matter formed

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and reformed into the universe
we see today,

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a universe inconceivably
large and dark

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and sparsely populated with
little islands of starlight.

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-But will this expansion
continue forever,

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or will the universe ultimately
collapse back on itself?

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Space Telescope program
scientist, Dr. Ed Weiler.

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-We know the universe
is expanding

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because no matter
which direction we look at,

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we see galaxies
moving away from us.

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We also know there's a lot
of matter in this universe,

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galaxies, stars, planets, etc.,

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which exerts
a gravitational pull

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that's slowing
this expansion down.

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What we don't know is whether
there's enough matter

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or not to eventually
stop this expansion

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so that it collapses someday

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or whether this expansion
will keep going on

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and on and on forever.

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To attempt to find an answer
to this question,

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what we need to do is plot
the velocities of galaxies

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at further
and further distances.

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To do that, we need mile posts
in those galaxies,

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very bright mile posts so that
we can see them very far away,

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and what is a mile post?

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It's an object for which we have
a great deal of information

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and therefore can
determine its distance.

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-Supernovae are
excellent mile posts.

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Because we know their
absolute brightness,

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we can calculate
their distance from us.

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For example, we know
the recent supernova

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in the Large Magellanic Cloud is
only 163,000 light-years away,

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while the supernova
in this galaxy

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is more than 300 times further.

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The problem is that we need to
find mile posts further in space

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than we can using
Earth-based telescopes.

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Our best telescopes
can only see far enough

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to find supernovae out
to about 1 billion light-years,

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and that's not far enough
to determine

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how much the expanding
universe is slowing down.

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The Space Telescope
has two cameras

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that will be able to locate
and study supernovae

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that are much further away.

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Of course, these cameras
don't use photographic film.

00:15:17.167.00:15:21.033
They use super sensitive
electronic detectors.

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One camera uses an array
of Charge Coupled Devices, CCDs,

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to photograph objects
up to 25 times fainter

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than is possible from the
largest earthbound telescopes.

00:15:33.834.00:15:38.000
It's especially good for looking
at large, very distant objects

00:15:38.000.00:15:41.100
like remote clusters
of galaxies.

00:15:41.100.00:15:44.734
The second camera uses
a very special TV tube

00:15:44.734.00:15:46.400
that is so sensitive,

00:15:46.400.00:15:49.868
it can detect individual
photons of light.

00:15:49.868.00:15:53.534
This camera is excellent
for observing very faint,

00:15:53.534.00:15:55.801
very compact objects

00:15:55.801.00:15:57.801
and extends the reach
of the telescope

00:15:57.801.00:16:00.968
to the greatest
possible distance.

00:16:00.968.00:16:03.400
With the Space
Telescope's cameras,

00:16:03.400.00:16:07.234
astronomers will be able to
clearly locate supernovae

00:16:07.234.00:16:11.100
that are up to
5 billion light-years away.

00:16:11.100.00:16:14.767
-By locating these much more
distant mile posts, supernovae,

00:16:14.767.00:16:16.434
and determining
their velocities,

00:16:16.434.00:16:18.601
we can then plot
the acceleration rate

00:16:18.601.00:16:21.567
of the universe
and get a much better idea

00:16:21.567.00:16:24.334
on how much the universe
is slowing down.

00:16:24.334.00:16:27.801
-If the expansion rate
remains nearly constant,

00:16:27.801.00:16:32.734
astronomers believe the universe
may continue to expand forever.

00:16:32.734.00:16:36.868
An endless universe might seem
very appealing today,

00:16:36.868.00:16:39.400
but ultimately,
it would be little more

00:16:39.400.00:16:42.167
than a huge, dark graveyard

00:16:42.167.00:16:45.534
filled with burned out stars.

00:16:45.534.00:16:49.968
If, however, this rate of
expansion slows just enough,

00:16:49.968.00:16:53.000
it could mean that
our cosmos is destined

00:16:53.000.00:16:55.400
to collapse back on itself,

00:16:55.400.00:16:57.667
that it has a finite life span,

00:16:57.667.00:17:02.601
as predicted long ago
by the Mayan Indians.

00:17:02.601.00:17:06.534
-All Moons, all years, all days,

00:17:06.534.00:17:11.934
all winds reach their
completion and pass away.

00:17:11.934.00:17:16.267
-One story told by the ancient
Aztecs offers more hope.

00:17:16.267.00:17:20.467
It describes a cycle of Suns
that are created and destroyed,

00:17:20.467.00:17:23.067
predicting that the cosmos
will bounce back

00:17:23.067.00:17:25.901
out of the crunch and be reborn.

00:17:25.901.00:17:27.901
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:17:27.901.00:17:31.100
With the Space Telescope
as our time machine,

00:17:31.100.00:17:34.033
we can look back almost
to the beginning of time

00:17:34.033.00:17:37.601
to see how our universe evolved.

00:17:37.601.00:17:41.467
The youngest objects we can see
are also some of the most

00:17:41.467.00:17:44.200
mysterious -- quasars.

00:17:44.200.00:17:49.767
Space Telescope scientist,
Dr. Margaret Burbidge.

00:17:49.767.00:17:53.667
-Well, they are very fascinating
and mysterious objects.

00:17:53.667.00:17:57.534
On a photographic plate, they
just look like ordinary stars,

00:17:57.534.00:18:00.868
but when we break up
their light and analyze it

00:18:00.868.00:18:03.300
into its rainbow of colors,

00:18:03.300.00:18:06.734
we see that they're rushing away
from us at enormous speeds,

00:18:06.734.00:18:08.334
and in our expanding universe,

00:18:08.334.00:18:11.300
that means that they must be
very, very distant,

00:18:11.300.00:18:14.033
near the edge
of the visible universe,

00:18:14.033.00:18:19.167
now yet we still see them
even at these vast distances,

00:18:19.167.00:18:22.200
and that tells us
that they must be creating

00:18:22.200.00:18:26.100
and emitting enormous
amounts of energy.

00:18:26.100.00:18:29.167
-To be visible from so far away,

00:18:29.167.00:18:32.300
a quasar's light
must be very bright,

00:18:32.300.00:18:36.067
as brilliant as
200 trillion Suns.

00:18:36.067.00:18:41.033
and yet quasars appear to be
no larger than our Solar System.

00:18:41.033.00:18:45.467
-Well, we have no way
to explain anything so compact

00:18:45.467.00:18:49.934
being able to produce such
an enormous amount of energy,

00:18:49.934.00:18:53.033
and that's the real mystery
of the quasars.

00:18:53.033.00:18:55.868
-Much of the light
reaching Earth from a quasar

00:18:55.868.00:18:57.701
is ultraviolet light,

00:18:57.701.00:19:01.300
light that doesn't
penetrate our atmosphere.

00:19:01.300.00:19:05.133
What little of a quasar's light
does reach Earth shimmers

00:19:05.133.00:19:08.501
because of the turbulence
in our atmosphere.

00:19:08.501.00:19:12.601
The Space Telescope
will overcome both obstacles.

00:19:12.601.00:19:15.834
It has a spectrograph
that operates in both visible

00:19:15.834.00:19:17.601
and ultraviolet light

00:19:17.601.00:19:19.501
and is particularly good

00:19:19.501.00:19:23.100
for studying very faint
objects like quasars.

00:19:23.100.00:19:25.734
The spectrograph breaks
light into beams

00:19:25.734.00:19:27.467
according to wavelength.

00:19:27.467.00:19:29.734
The beams tell us a lot
about the object

00:19:29.734.00:19:31.234
that produced the light,

00:19:31.234.00:19:34.434
its temperature,
its chemical composition,

00:19:34.434.00:19:38.000
its energy state,
how fast its moving

00:19:38.000.00:19:42.367
and whether it's moving
toward us or away from us.

00:19:42.367.00:19:45.334
The Space Telescope also
has a photometer

00:19:45.334.00:19:48.367
that can measure rapid
changes in light.

00:19:48.367.00:19:51.133
Since it's above the atmosphere,
we can use it

00:19:51.133.00:19:54.968
to precisely measure
the quasar's fluctuations.

00:19:54.968.00:19:57.834
These two Space Telescope
instruments,

00:19:57.834.00:20:00.434
the spectrograph and photometer

00:20:00.434.00:20:02.801
along with
the telescope's cameras

00:20:02.801.00:20:06.834
will finally put quasars
within our grasp.

00:20:06.834.00:20:08.968
-Well, I hope we'll be able
to discover

00:20:08.968.00:20:13.100
the secret of the immense energy
that the quasars are producing.

00:20:13.100.00:20:16.000
Might we find out something new
about the laws of physics

00:20:16.000.00:20:18.734
from studying the quasars?

00:20:18.734.00:20:20.634
I speculate on the relationship

00:20:20.634.00:20:23.701
between quasars
and galaxies of stars

00:20:23.701.00:20:25.467
like our own Milky Way.

00:20:25.467.00:20:27.367
I sometimes wonder
whether the quasars

00:20:27.367.00:20:31.367
represent the birth
of galaxies

00:20:31.367.00:20:33.534
or perhaps even, possibly,

00:20:33.534.00:20:37.167
the death of an earlier
generation of galaxies.

00:20:37.167.00:20:39.467
Anything might be possible.

00:20:39.467.00:20:41.801
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:20:41.801.00:20:44.067
-The stars of our own galaxy

00:20:44.067.00:20:46.601
have enchanted mankind
for centuries.

00:20:46.601.00:20:54.334
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:20:54.334.00:21:02.100
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:21:02.100.00:21:04.767
Time has dimmed
neither the stars

00:21:04.767.00:21:08.934
nor our fascination for them.

00:21:08.934.00:21:14.300
We have learned that stars, like
man, have a finite life span.

00:21:14.300.00:21:18.300
They're born, they burn brightly
for billions of years,

00:21:18.300.00:21:20.300
and they die.

00:21:20.300.00:21:24.567
But why do some stars burn
modestly and die quietly,

00:21:24.567.00:21:27.601
turning into White Dwarfs
that slowly cool

00:21:27.601.00:21:29.868
until they no longer
glow at all

00:21:29.868.00:21:33.834
while other more massive stars
go out with a bang...

00:21:33.834.00:21:36.100
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:21:36.100.00:21:40.234
...spewing out enough matter
to create several solar systems,

00:21:40.234.00:21:44.267
leaving behind a super dense
cinder called a neutron star

00:21:44.267.00:21:47.100
or sometimes a black hole,

00:21:47.100.00:21:49.167
matter packed so tightly

00:21:49.167.00:21:53.400
that even its own light
can't escape its gravity?

00:21:53.400.00:21:56.133
Our own Sun is a star.

00:21:56.133.00:22:00.434
How long will it burn,
and how will it die?

00:22:00.434.00:22:03.334
To learn more about
a star's life cycle,

00:22:03.334.00:22:06.567
scientists will use
the Space Telescope's cameras

00:22:06.567.00:22:10.534
to study other stars
in the Milky Way like our Sun.

00:22:10.534.00:22:14.033
They'll also use information
about the star's composition

00:22:14.033.00:22:19.100
and temperature recorded by the
telescope's second spectrograph.

00:22:19.100.00:22:22.267
This spectrograph uses
only ultraviolet light

00:22:22.267.00:22:25.701
to produce its high-resolution
spectrograms.

00:22:25.701.00:22:28.133
Unlike the telescope's
other spectrograph,

00:22:28.133.00:22:30.534
which can study
remote objects,

00:22:30.534.00:22:32.934
this one is excellent
for studying the objects

00:22:32.934.00:22:35.767
in our universe
that are closer to home.

00:22:35.767.00:22:39.868
Space Telescope scientist
Dr. Brad Smith.

00:22:39.868.00:22:42.300
-An excellent way of studying
stellar evolution

00:22:42.300.00:22:46.300
is to look at Globular Clusters
right here in our own galaxy.

00:22:46.300.00:22:49.701
Globular Clusters are
aggregations of stars

00:22:49.701.00:22:52.801
up to several hundred
thousand stars,

00:22:52.801.00:22:56.667
and they are all
very much the same

00:22:56.667.00:22:59.534
as far as their composition
and age is concerned.

00:22:59.534.00:23:02.400
What is different from one star
to the next is its mass,

00:23:02.400.00:23:06.267
so by looking individually at
the stars in a Globular Cluster,

00:23:06.267.00:23:10.634
we can see how mass determines
the evolution of a star.

00:23:10.634.00:23:12.968
Now the problem with looking
at Globular Clusters

00:23:12.968.00:23:14.334
from the Earth's surface

00:23:14.334.00:23:17.601
is that the poor resolution
of ground-based telescopes

00:23:17.601.00:23:19.334
makes all the stars
fuse together.

00:23:19.334.00:23:21.834
It's difficult to see them
individually,

00:23:21.834.00:23:25.167
but with the Space Telescope,
in its superior resolution,

00:23:25.167.00:23:27.267
we can look at
the individual stars

00:23:27.267.00:23:29.834
and get a better
understanding of how stars

00:23:29.834.00:23:31.601
live out their life cycle.

00:23:31.601.00:23:34.334
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:23:34.334.00:23:36.000
We don't believe
that our own star,

00:23:36.000.00:23:40.300
the Sun, is massive enough
to ever explode as a supernova.

00:23:40.300.00:23:44.300
In all probability,
it will increase in size

00:23:44.300.00:23:46.234
to become a red giant star

00:23:46.234.00:23:49.934
and then shrink down
to become a white dwarf,

00:23:49.934.00:23:53.901
but the details
of what will happen

00:23:53.901.00:23:56.400
as our Sun runs out of fuel

00:23:56.400.00:23:58.000
are not known at this time.

00:23:58.000.00:24:00.634
This is one of the things
that we hope to learn

00:24:00.634.00:24:02.701
with the Hubble Space Telescope.

00:24:02.701.00:24:05.167
-There are many mysteries
we've yet to solve

00:24:05.167.00:24:08.100
in our own Solar System.

00:24:08.100.00:24:13.000
Though we longer think of canals
on Mars or swamps on Venus,

00:24:13.000.00:24:14.868
we can't help but wonder

00:24:14.868.00:24:17.968
why the cyclone
of Jupiter's Great Red Spot

00:24:17.968.00:24:21.567
has raged for hundreds of years,

00:24:21.567.00:24:24.100
or what lies beneath
the icy haze

00:24:24.100.00:24:27.033
surrounding Uranus and Neptune,

00:24:27.033.00:24:31.834
and what of Pluto, our
most remote and puzzling planet?

00:24:31.834.00:24:36.000
The Space Telescope will give us
our first close look at Pluto

00:24:36.000.00:24:39.267
and its lone Moon, Charon.

00:24:39.267.00:24:44.834
Astronomers expect many exciting
firsts with the Space Telescope.

00:24:44.834.00:24:47.634
Just as Galileo
labored through the night,

00:24:47.634.00:24:50.667
glued to the eyepiece
of his telescope,

00:24:50.667.00:24:53.234
astronomers using
the Space Telescope

00:24:53.234.00:24:56.534
will stay glued to
the modern equivalent

00:24:56.534.00:24:58.133
as the Space Observatory

00:24:58.133.00:25:03.734
beams 1 million bits of data
Earthward each second.

00:25:03.734.00:25:06.167
The Space Telescope
will produce data

00:25:06.167.00:25:11.167
of unprecedented quality
and more of it than ever before.

00:25:11.167.00:25:14.367
A single observation
may yield information

00:25:14.367.00:25:16.000
that can take months,

00:25:16.000.00:25:19.868
even years to analyze
and understand.

00:25:19.868.00:25:23.534
Even though though the Space
Telescope is earthbound as yet,

00:25:23.534.00:25:27.601
astronomers, astrophysicists,
cosmologists,

00:25:27.601.00:25:30.834
and space scientists
are already caught up

00:25:30.834.00:25:34.300
in the exciting prospect
of this new observatory

00:25:34.300.00:25:37.200
taking its proper place
in the heavens

00:25:37.200.00:25:39.767
and there extending their vision

00:25:39.767.00:25:44.467
into previously unexplored
regions of the universe.

00:25:44.467.00:25:47.367
-We're really explorers,
astronomers,

00:25:47.367.00:25:49.601
and we're going to see
wondrous things

00:25:49.601.00:25:51.400
that we can't guess about.

00:25:51.400.00:25:54.334
I think that's the great
excitement of this, really.

00:25:54.334.00:25:56.100
Certainly, I'm interested
in many of the things

00:25:56.100.00:25:57.901
we know we're going to see,

00:25:57.901.00:26:01.200
but it's the things that we
don't know anything about yet,

00:26:01.200.00:26:03.434
that we're not clever
enough to have imagined,

00:26:03.434.00:26:06.334
and I think it's going to be
a very exciting time.

00:26:06.334.00:26:10.634
-In the history of mankind,
there have been only two times

00:26:10.634.00:26:13.467
when our understanding
of the universe

00:26:13.467.00:26:15.834
has been so totally
revolutionized

00:26:15.834.00:26:19.567
in the period
of a single human life.

00:26:19.567.00:26:22.968
The first was the time
of Galileo.

00:26:22.968.00:26:25.267
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:26:25.267.00:26:28.234
The second is now.

00:26:28.234.00:26:37.801
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:26:37.801.00:26:47.334
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:26:47.334.00:26:56.901
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:26:56.901.00:27:06.534
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:27:06.534.00:27:16.067
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!

00:27:16.067.00:27:25.634
!!musiC@!!!musiC@!