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"Hubble Science"

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"Gravitational Waves // Ripples in Space-Time"

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Einstein is responsible for the theory of general 
relativity which is a way of looking at the  

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universe that has been proven out by observational 
evidence for the last 100 plus years. His basic  

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tenet is that mass warps space-time, and that this 
can be observed and that as in particular massive  

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objects spiral around each other. That they give 
out gravitational radiation or gravitational waves.  

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This is ripples in space-time that is being caused 
by that mass interacting with space-time itself.  

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So that leads to a tremendous amount of 
predictions in particular as binaries

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inspiral and collide with each other, we would see 
these waves rise to a peak and then ripple across  

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the universe and that they could even be detected 
if we had the right kind of technology to be able  

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to feel or see or hear space-time itself moving. 
Gravitational radiation astronomy is developing  

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detectors that can actually measure that change 
in space time itself. On laser interferometry this  

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is the best way that we can actually measure this 
phenomenon. In 2017 a signal that was consistent  

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with one of these gravitational wave increases and 
then decreases, we call it chirp, it gets bright and  

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then it dies down. It looked like the prediction. 
For the fact that we saw a gravitational wave  

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signal that was consistent with inspiring neutron 
stars and a kilonova as a result but kilonova is  

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more energetic than a nova less energetic than a 
supernova. At the same time we saw a short gamma ray  

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burst that was great news and it meant that we 
could take all the telescopes at our disposal  

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and quickly point them at the location of the 
gamma ray burst. Hubble was called into the chase.  

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Hubble images show us a very interesting 
galaxy and the location of that kilonova  

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afterglow. So Hubble was able to show us what was 
happening in that position, tell us how bright it  

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was and importantly pinpoint the location you 
know it's telling us where it was happening  

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in the galaxy and not only is that giving us 
information about where it was in the galactic  

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environment but that's also crucial information 
for other telescopes to be able to point to that  

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same location and we can take that data and 
combine it into that multi-wavelengthlength picture.  

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As the laser interferometry gets more and more 
power behind it and starts to see more and more of  

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these objects we are going to usher in the new era 
of multi-messenger astronomy we're going to learn  

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a tremendous amount about very rare events like 
kilonovae and other things that happen that give  

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off gravitational waves that are going to allow 
us to just build more pieces onto that puzzle.

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